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Immigration reform is a term used in political discussion regarding changes to current immigration policy of a country. In its strict definition, "reform" means to change into an improved form or condition, by amending or removing faults or abuses.〔http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/reform〕 In the political sense, "immigration reform" may include promoted, expanded, or open immigration, as well as reduced or eliminated immigration. == America == (詳細はguest worker proposal supported by President George W. Bush, and the Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization or "Gang of Eight" bill which passed the U.S. Senate in June 2013. Illegal immigration is a controversial issue in the United States. Proponents of greater immigration enforcement argue that illegal immigrants tarnish the public image of immigrants, cost taxpayers an estimated $338.3 billion (however, opponents claim that this figure is erroneous and misleading assertions and state that published studies vary widely but put the cost to government at a small fraction of that total),〔http://www.factcheck.org/2009/04/cost-of-illegal-immigrants/〕 and jeopardize the safety of law enforcement officials and citizens, especially along the Mexican border.〔(Illegal Immigration: How much does it cost? ) 2008 May 7. 30 November 2008.〕 Since early 2013, the term "immigration reform" has been applied to efforts to "overhaul" the "broken" immigration system in the United States. In his November 20, 2014 speech on immigration, U.S. President Obama summarized the need for revision to immigration laws and procedures as follows: Critics of Obama's immigration positions and actions have nevertheless also called for policy changes. "Standards for immigration reform" announced in January, 2014 by Congressional Republicans are mostly compatible with the Obama administration's legislative proposals, except that the Republicans favor stepwise implementation (rather than a package approach) with border security and interior enforcement preceding "paths" to legal status. Journalist and immigration critic Roy Beck supports portions of this agenda involving “immigration reduction": specifically endorsing bills to limit family-sponsored immigration to spouses and children, to end “birthright citizenship,” and to tighten “interior enforcement” and employer verification requirements.〔"Five Great Immigration Solutions,” https://www.numbersusa.com/resource-article/5-great-solutions〕 Another Obama critic, Congressman Tom Tancredo, has been an “outspoken” advocate “for immigration reform” in the sense of stricter controls on illegal entries (though he also attends naturalization ceremonies to support new citizens “doing it the right way"). These examples are indicative of the broad spectrum of potential and proposed changes encompassed under "immigration reform." In a series of Sunday television interviews on November 1, 2015, newly elected U.S. House of Representatives speaker Paul D. Ryan indicated that the House majority would not try to work further with the Obama administration on revising immigration regulations. This, the ''New York Times'' concluded, meant “effectively pushing off the issue to at least 2017.” Although Ryan blamed President Obama’s “go it alone” executive orders for the legislative impasse, having the House refrain from further bipartisan efforts at immigration overhaul -until after the 2016 national elections- also seemed consistent with the new speaker’s view that Congressional Republicans should now be clearer “up front” about what they “can and cannot achieve.” 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Immigration reform」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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